Clarifying the link between RSV infection and asthma development: a study of host and viral factors

The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of severe lower respiratory infection in infants and is associated with the development of asthma and other chronic lung diseases later in life. The mechanisms behind this increased susceptibility have remained unclear, although it appears to be a combination of viral-induced mechanisms and host genetics. For instance, viral infections can lead to epithelial cell damage and the induction of pulmonary fibrosis, predisposing individuals to asthma. Additionally, certain genetic alterations are linked to severe outcomes following viral infection and onset of chronic lung diseases.

This PhD project investigates the effect of both host and viral variations on airway inflammation and fibrosis after RSV infection. We will assess the host response to different viral proteins by transfecting epithelial cells with viral open reading frames to evaluate the effects on cell viability, cellular activity, and metabolism though assays that are readouts for asthma-associated mechanisms. Furthermore, we will investigate the effect of host genetic variants on RSV-induced mechanisms. Finally, we will validate the results in patient-derived airway organoids.

Overall, this PhD project aims to elucidate the causative link between RSV infection and the onset of asthma. The ultimate goal is to provide a better understanding of the RSV-induced perturbations and identify potential novel therapeutic targets to mitigate RSV-induced pulmonary damage and fibrosis.

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Dagmar Duijzer